public class ExceptionHandlingDemo {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        try {

            // Attempt to divide by zero

            int result = divide(10, 0);

            System.out.println("Result: " + result);

        } catch (ArithmeticException e) {

            // This block will execute when an ArithmeticException is caught

            System.out.println("Error: Division by zero is not allowed.");

        } finally {

            // This block will always execute

            System.out.println("This is the finally block, it always executes.");

        }

        try {

            // Attempt to access an invalid array index

            int[] array = {1, 2, 3};

            System.out.println("Array element: " + array[5]);

        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {

            // This block will execute when an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException is caught

            System.out.println("Error: Array index out of bounds.");

        } finally {

            // This block will always execute

            System.out.println("This is the finally block for array access, it always executes.");

        }

        try {

            // Manually throwing an exception

            throwException();

        } catch (Exception e) {

            // This block will execute when a general Exception is caught

            System.out.println("Caught an exception: " + e.getMessage());

        } finally {

            // This block will always execute

            System.out.println("This is the finally block for throwException, it always executes.");

        }

    }

    // Method to demonstrate exception handling

    public static int divide(int a, int b) throws ArithmeticException {

        return a / b;

    }

    // Method to demonstrate manually throwing an exception

    public static void throwException() throws Exception {

        throw new Exception("This is a manually thrown exception.");

    }

}