Task-5:
1. Create a program with different types of dwellings (Shelters people live in like roundhut, square cabin, round tower) that are implemented as a class hierarchy.
import kotlin.math.PI
import kotlin.math.sqrt

fun main() {
    val squareCabin = SquareCabin(6, 50.0)
    val roundHut = RoundHut(3, 10.0)
    val roundTower = RoundTower(4, 15.5)

    println("\nSquare Cabin\n============")
    squareCabin.printDetails()

    println("\nRound Hut\n=========")
    roundHut.printDetails()
    println("Has room? ${roundHut.hasRoom()}")
    roundHut.getRoom()
    println("Has room? ${roundHut.hasRoom()}")
    println("Carpet size: ${roundHut.calculateMaxCarpetLength()}")

    println("\nRound Tower\n==========")
    roundTower.printDetails()
    println("Carpet Length: ${roundTower.calculateMaxCarpetLength()}")
}

// Base class for all dwellings
abstract class Dwelling(private var residents: Int) {
    abstract val buildingMaterial: String
    abstract val capacity: Int

    abstract fun floorArea(): Double

    fun hasRoom(): Boolean = residents < capacity

    fun getRoom() {
        if (hasRoom()) {
            residents++
            println("You got a room!")
        } else {
            println("Sorry, no rooms left.")
        }
    }

    fun printDetails() {
        println("Material: $buildingMaterial")
        println("Capacity: $capacity")
        println("Floor area: ${floorArea()}")
    }
}

// SquareCabin subclass
class SquareCabin(residents: Int, val length: Double) : Dwelling(residents) {
    override val buildingMaterial = "Wood"
    override val capacity = 6

    override fun floorArea(): Double = length * length
}

// RoundHut subclass
open class RoundHut(residents: Int, val radius: Double) : Dwelling(residents) {
    override val buildingMaterial = "Straw"
    override val capacity = 4

    override fun floorArea(): Double = PI * radius * radius

    fun calculateMaxCarpetLength(): Double = sqrt(2.0) * radius
}

// RoundTower subclass
class RoundTower(residents: Int, radius: Double, val floors: Int = 2) : RoundHut(residents, radius) {
    override val buildingMaterial = "Stone"
    override val capacity = floors * 4

    override fun floorArea(): Double = super.floorArea() * floors
}