declare
    cursor c1 is select * from employee;
   e employee%rowtype;
 begin
   open c1;
   loop
    fetch c1 into e;
   exit when c1%notfound;
   dbms_output.put_line(e.empno||'    ' ||e.ename||'    '||e.sal);
  end loop;
end;
/
   

declare 
    str varchar(2);
begin
   str:='sa';
   exception
      when value_error then
    dbms_output.put_line('invalid input');
 end;
/

create or replace Trigger mytrigger1 
after insert on employee
begin 
 dbms_output.put_line('Record inserted using after');
end;
/

declare
  cursor c1 is select * from employee;
  e employee%rowtype;
begin 
  open c1;
  loop
   fetch c1 into e;
      exit when c1%rowcount>5;
     dbms_output.put_line(e.empno||'     '||e.ename);
   end loop;
end;
/

DECLARE
    threshold_salary NUMBER := 1000; -- You can change this value as needed
BEGIN
    -- Using an implicit cursor to update the salary
    UPDATE employee
    SET sal = sal * 1.2
    WHERE sal > threshold_salary;

    -- Display the number of rows updated
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQL%ROWCOUNT || ' rows updated.');
END;
/

declare
    neg exception;
    s employee.empno%type:=&empno;
begin
  if (s<0) then 
      raise neg;
   else 
       dbms_output.put_line('record inseted');
   end if;
 exception
   when neg then 
    dbms_output.put_line('negative number ');
end;
/

declare
cursor c1 is select * from employee;
e employee%rowtype;
begin
 close c1;
exception 
    when invalid_cursor then
      dbms_output.put_line('invalid cursor');
end;
/

declare 
a integer:=&a;
c integer:=0;
i integer;
begin
   
   for i in 1 .. a-1
   loop
      if (mod(a,i)=0) then
         c:=c+i;
     end if;
    end loop;
  if c=a 
then 
   dbms_output.put_line('Perfect number');
else
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Perfect number');
end if;
end;
/
     
 

create or replace procedure palind(ran in out integer,res in out integer)
Is
  num1 integer:=0;
  
   i integer;
 su integer:=ran;
begin 
   while (ran>0)
 loop
    i:=mod(ran,10);
    num1:=num1*10+i;
   ran:=trunc(ran/10); 
    end loop;
 if (su=num1) then
    res:=1;
else
   res:=0;
end if;
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=0;
begin 
  palind(a,b);
   if (b=1) then 
   dbms_output.put_line(' Palindrome');
   else 
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Palindrome');
  end if;
end;
/
  

create or replace procedure swap( num1 in out integer,num2 in out integer)
Is 
 temp integer:=0;

begin 
    temp:=num1;
    num1:=num2;
    num2:=temp;  
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=&b;
begin 
  dbms_output.put_line('Before swaping '||a||'  '||b);
  swap(a,b);
   dbms_output.put_line('After swaping '||a||'  '||b);

end;
/
  

DECLARE
    v_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
    -- Open implicit cursor
    SELECT COUNT(*)
    INTO v_count
    FROM employee;

    IF v_count > 0 THEN
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('At least one row satisfies the condition::  '||v_count);
    ELSE
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No rows satisfy the condition.');
    END IF;
END;
/

create or replace procedure fibnoci(ran in out integer)
Is 
 temp integer:=0;
  num1 integer:=0;
  num2 integer:=1;
   i integer;
begin 
   dbms_output.put_line(num1);
  dbms_output.put_line(num2);
   for i in 1 .. (ran-2)
      loop
         
         temp:=num1+num2;
         num1:=num2;
         num2:=temp;
       dbms_output.put_line(temp);
         
    end loop;
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
begin 
  fibnoci(a);
end;
/
  

Declare 
   a integer :=&a;
   i integer;
   
begin
  for i in 1 .. a
   loop
      if (mod(i,2)=0) then
         dbms_output.put_line('even '||i);
     -- else
     -- dbms_output.put_line('odd '||i);
    end if;
  end loop;
end;
/

DECLARE
    
    v_ename VARCHAR2(100);

    -- Implicit cursor
    CURSOR c_employee IS SELECT ename FROM employee; -- Replace your_table with the actual table name

BEGIN
    OPEN c_employee;

    -- Fetch and process each row
    LOOP
        -- Fetching data from the cursor into v_ename
        FETCH c_employee INTO v_ename;

         EXIT WHEN c_employee%NOTFOUND;

        -- Update the ename column to uppercase
        UPDATE employee SET ename = UPPER(v_ename);
    END LOOP;

    -- Close the cursor
    CLOSE c_employee;

    -- Output message
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('All ename values updated to uppercase.');
END;
/

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION power(x IN NUMBER, n IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
  result NUMBER := 1; -- Variable to store the result
  i NUMBER := 0; -- Loop counter
BEGIN
        FOR i IN 1..n LOOP
      result := result * x;
    END LOOP;
    RETURN result;
END;
/

declare 
 a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=&b;
begin
    
  dbms_output.put_line('factorial :'||power(a,b));
end;
/

create or replace procedure revers(ran in out integer)
Is
  num1 integer:=0;
  
   i integer;
begin 
   while (ran>0)
 loop
    i:=mod(ran,10);
    num1:=num1*10+i;
   ran:=trunc(ran/10); 
    end loop;
  dbms_output.put_line('reversed  number  ::'|| num1);
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
begin 
  revers(a);
end;
/
  

create or replace FUNCTION  gcd(num1 IN out NUMBER, num2 IN out NUMBER) return  NUMBER 
Is
  t NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
	while (mod(num2, num1)!=0)
            loop
		t := mod(num2, num1); 

		num2 := num1; 

		num1 := t; 
	end loop; 

  return num1;  
  end;
/

DECLARE
  num1 NUMBER := 56;  -- First number
  num2 NUMBER := 98;  -- Second number
  gcd_result NUMBER;  -- Variable to store the result
BEGIN
    gcd_result := gcd(num1, num2);
  
  -- Output the result
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The GCD of ' || num1 || ' and ' || num2 || ' is ' || gcd_result);
END;
/

declare
    neg exception;
    s employee.empno%type:=&empno;
begin
  if (s<0) then 
      raise neg;
   else 
       dbms_output.put_line('record inseted');
   end if;
 exception
   when neg then 
    dbms_output.put_line('negative number ');
end;
/

declare 
a integer:=&a;
c integer:=a;
d integer;
sume integer:=0;
begin
   
     while (a>0)
   loop
         d:=mod(a,10);
         sume:=sume+d*d*d;
         a:=trunc(a/10);
    end loop;
  if (sume=c)
then 
   dbms_output.put_line('Amstrong number');
else
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Amstrong number');
end if;
end;
/
     
 

create or replace procedure fibnoci(ran in out integer)
Is 
 temp integer:=0;
  num1 integer:=0;
  num2 integer:=1;
   i integer;
begin 
   dbms_output.put_line(num1);
  dbms_output.put_line(num2);
   for i in 1 .. (ran-2)
      loop
         
         temp:=num1+num2;
         num1:=num2;
         num2:=temp;
       dbms_output.put_line(temp);
         
    end loop;
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
begin 
  fibnoci(a);
end;
/
  

DECLARE
    v_count NUMBER;
BEGIN
    -- Open implicit cursor
    SELECT COUNT(*)
    INTO v_count
    FROM employee;

    IF v_count > 0 THEN
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('At least one row satisfies the condition::  '||v_count);
    ELSE
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('No rows satisfy the condition.');
    END IF;
END;
/

Declare
a integer :=&a;
b integer :=&b;
c integer;
begin
 
  c:=a+b;
dbms_output.put_line('sum are '||c);
end;
/

declare 
a integer:=&a;
c integer:=0;
i integer;
begin
   
   for i in 2 .. a-1
   loop
      if (mod(a,i)=0) then
         c:=c+1;
     end if;
    end loop;
  if c=0 
then 
   dbms_output.put_line('Prime number');
else
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Prime Number');
end if;
end;
/
     
 

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION power(x IN NUMBER, n IN NUMBER) RETURN NUMBER IS
  result NUMBER := 1; -- Variable to store the result
  i NUMBER := 0; -- Loop counter
BEGIN
        FOR i IN 1..n LOOP
      result := result * x;
    END LOOP;
    RETURN result;
END;
/

declare 
 a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=&b;
begin
    
  dbms_output.put_line('factorial :'||power(a,b));
end;
/

DECLARE
    threshold_salary NUMBER := &threshold_salary; -- You can change this value as needed
BEGIN
    -- Using an implicit cursor to update the salary
    UPDATE employee
    SET sal = sal * 1.2
    WHERE sal > threshold_salary;

    -- Display the number of rows updated
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(SQL%ROWCOUNT || ' rows updated.');
END;
/

create or replace FUNCTION  factorial(num in integer) return integer
Is 
i integer;
res integer:=1;
BEGIN
  for i in 1 .. num
   loop
    res:=res*i;
   end loop;
  return res;
end;
/
declare 
 a integer:=&a;
begin
  dbms_output.put_line('factorial :'||factorial(a));
end;
/

declare
  cursor c1 is select * from employee;
  e employee%rowtype;
begin 
  open c1;
  loop
   fetch c1 into e;
      exit when c1%rowcount>5;
     dbms_output.put_line(e.empno||'     '||e.ename);
   end loop;
end;
/

create or replace Trigger mytrigger1 
after insert on employee
begin 
 dbms_output.put_line('Record inserted using after');
end;
/

declare 
    str varchar(2);
begin
   str:='sa';
   exception
      when value_error then
    dbms_output.put_line('invalid input');
 end;
/

create or replace FUNCTION  gcd(num1 IN out NUMBER, num2 IN out NUMBER) return  NUMBER 
Is
  t NUMBER:=1;
BEGIN
	while (mod(num2, num1)!=0)
            loop
		t := mod(num2, num1); 

		num2 := num1; 

		num1 := t; 
	end loop; 

  return num1;  
  end;
/

DECLARE
  num1 NUMBER := 56;  -- First number
  num2 NUMBER := 98;  -- Second number
  gcd_result NUMBER;  -- Variable to store the result
BEGIN
    gcd_result := gcd(num1, num2);
  
  -- Output the result
  DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('The GCD of ' || num1 || ' and ' || num2 || ' is ' || gcd_result);
END;
/

declare
    cursor c1 is select * from employee;
   e employee%rowtype;
 begin
   open c1;
   loop
    fetch c1 into e;
   exit when c1%notfound;
   dbms_output.put_line(e.empno||'    ' ||e.ename||'    '||e.sal);
  end loop;
end;
/
   

create or replace FUNCTION  factorial(num in integer) return integer
Is 
i integer;
res integer:=1;
BEGIN
  for i in 1 .. num
   loop
    res:=res*i;
   end loop;
  return res;
end;
/
declare 
 a integer:=&a;
begin
  dbms_output.put_line('factorial :'||factorial(a));
end;
/

declare 
a integer:=&a;
c integer:=0;
i integer;
begin
   
   for i in 1 .. a-1
   loop
      if (mod(a,i)=0) then
         c:=c+i;
     end if;
    end loop;
  if c=a 
then 
   dbms_output.put_line('Perfect number');
else
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Perfect number');
end if;
end;
/
     
 

DECLARE
    
  e employee%rowtype;
 empno employee.ename%type;
    
BEGIN
   update  employee set ename=upper(ename);
  if sql%found then
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(sql%rowcount||' values updated to uppercase.');
   else 
    dbms_output.put_line('not found');
   end if;
END;
/

create or replace procedure palind(ran in out integer,res in out integer)
Is
  num1 integer:=0;
  
   i integer;
 su integer:=ran;
begin 
   while (ran>0)
 loop
    i:=mod(ran,10);
    num1:=num1*10+i;
   ran:=trunc(ran/10); 
    end loop;
 if (su=num1) then
    res:=1;
else
   res:=0;
end if;
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=0;
begin 
  palind(a,b);
   if (b=1) then 
   dbms_output.put_line(' Palindrome');
   else 
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Palindrome');
  end if;
end;
/
  

Declare 
   a integer :=&a;
   i integer;
   
begin
  for i in 1 .. a
   loop
      if (mod(i,2)=0) then
         dbms_output.put_line('even '||i);
     -- else
     -- dbms_output.put_line('odd '||i);
    end if;
  end loop;
end;
/

DECLARE
    v_department_id NUMBER := &department_id;  -- Accept department number as input
BEGIN
    FOR emp_record IN (
        SELECT empno, ename, hiredate, deptno
        FROM employee
        WHERE deptno= v_department_id
    )
    LOOP
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp ID: ' || emp_record.empno);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name: ' || emp_record.ename);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hire Date: ' || TO_CHAR(emp_record.hiredate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'));
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department ID: ' || emp_record.deptno);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-----------------------------');
    END LOOP;
END;
/

Declare
a integer :=&a;
b integer :=&b;
c integer;
begin
 
  c:=a+b;
dbms_output.put_line('sum are '||c);
end;
/

create or replace Trigger mytrigger2
after insert or update on employee
begin 
  case  
   when inserting then 
 dbms_output.put_line('Record  inserting');
  when updating then
    dbms_output.put_line('record updating');
  end case;
end;
/

DECLARE
    v_department_id NUMBER := &department_id;  -- Accept department number as input
BEGIN
    FOR emp_record IN (
        SELECT empno, ename, hiredate, deptno
        FROM employee
        WHERE deptno= v_department_id
    )
    LOOP
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Emp ID: ' || emp_record.empno);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name: ' || emp_record.ename);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Hire Date: ' || TO_CHAR(emp_record.hiredate, 'YYYY-MM-DD'));
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department ID: ' || emp_record.deptno);
        DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('-----------------------------');
    END LOOP;
END;
/

create or replace procedure revers(ran in out integer)
Is
  num1 integer:=0;
  
   i integer;
begin 
   while (ran>0)
 loop
    i:=mod(ran,10);
    num1:=num1*10+i;
   ran:=trunc(ran/10); 
    end loop;
  dbms_output.put_line('reversed  number  ::'|| num1);
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
begin 
  revers(a);
end;
/
  

CREATE TABLE empc (
    emp_id NUMBER PRIMARY KEY,
    name VARCHAR2(100),
    hire_date DATE
    -- other columns
);
DECLARE
    CURSOR emp_cursor IS
        SELECT empno, ename, hiredate
        FROM employee
        WHERE (SYSDATE - hiredate) / 365.25 >= 23;  -- Calculate experience in years
    emp_record emp_cursor%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
    OPEN emp_cursor;
    LOOP
        FETCH emp_cursor INTO emp_record;
        EXIT WHEN emp_cursor%NOTFOUND;
        
        INSERT INTO empc (emp_id, name, hire_date)
        VALUES (emp_record.empno, emp_record.ename, emp_record.hiredate);
    END LOOP;
    CLOSE emp_cursor;
    
    COMMIT;
END;
/

create or replace procedure swap( num1 in out integer,num2 in out integer)
Is 
 temp integer:=0;

begin 
    temp:=num1;
    num1:=num2;
    num2:=temp;  
end;
/
declare 
  a integer:=&a;
  b integer:=&b;
begin 
  dbms_output.put_line('Before swaping '||a||'  '||b);
  swap(a,b);
   dbms_output.put_line('After swaping '||a||'  '||b);

end;
/
  

declare 
a integer:=&a;
c integer:=0;
i integer;
begin
   
   for i in 2 .. a-1
   loop
      if (mod(a,i)=0) then
         c:=c+1;
     end if;
    end loop;
  if c=0 
then 
   dbms_output.put_line('Prime number');
else
  dbms_output.put_line('Not Prime Number');
end if;
end;
/
     
 

create or replace Trigger mytrigger 
before insert on employee
begin 
 dbms_output.put_line('Record inserted ');
end;
/

0681956092

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    ListNode* deleteMiddle(ListNode* head) {

           ListNode* o=head;
           ListNode* t=head;
           ListNode* prev=head;
           if(head->next==NULL)
           {
            return head=NULL;
           }
           if(head->next->next==NULL)
           {
            delete head->next;
            head->next=NULL;
            return head;
           }
          while(t!=NULL && t->next!=NULL) 
           {
             if(t!=head)
             prev=prev->next;
             o=o->next;
             t=t->next->next; 
           }
           prev->next=o->next;
           delete o;
        return head;
    }
};

    ListNode* reverseList(ListNode* head)
    {ListNode* t1,*t2,*t3;
        t1 = head;
        if(head!=NULL)
         t2 = head->next;
        else
        return head;
        if(t2!=NULL)
        t3 = head->next->next;
        else
        {
            
            return head;
        }
        head->next=NULL;
        while(t3!=NULL)
        {
            t2->next=t1;
            t1=t2;
            t2=t3;
            t3=t3->next;
        }
        t2->next=t1;
        head = t2;
        return head;

    }
     

public class PiLambdaExpression{
    @FunctionalInterface
    interface PiValue{
        double getPi();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        PiValue pi = () -> Math.PI;
        double p= pi.getPi();
        System.out.println("The value of Pi is: " + p);
    }
}

public class BoundedArithematic<T extends Number> {
    public double add(T a, T b) {
        return a.doubleValue() + b.doubleValue();
    }
    public double subtract(T a, T b) {
        return a.doubleValue() - b.doubleValue();
    }
    public double multiply(T a, T b) {
        return a.doubleValue() * b.doubleValue();
    }	
   public double divide(T a, T b) {
        if (b.doubleValue() == 0) {
            throw new ArithmeticException("Division by zero is not allowed.");
        }
        return a.doubleValue() / b.doubleValue();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BoundedArithematic<Number> calculator = new BoundedArithematic<>();
        Integer a = 10;
        Integer b = 5;
        System.out.println("Addition: " + calculator.add(a, b));
        System.out.println("Subtraction: " + calculator.subtract(a, b));
        System.out.println("Multiplication: " + calculator.multiply(a, b));
        System.out.println("Division: " + calculator.divide(a, b));
    }
}
==
//Wildcard Arguments
public class MagicBox<T> {
    private T item;

    public void addItem(T item) {
        this.item = item;
        System.out.println("Added item to the magic box: " + item);
    }

    public T getItem() {
                return item;
    }

    public void processBox(MagicBox<? super Integer> box) {
        System.out.println("Items in the box are processed["+box.getItem()+"]"); 
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        
        MagicBox<Integer> integerBox = new MagicBox<>();
        integerBox.addItem(43);
        		
		MagicBox<String> stringBox = new MagicBox<>();
        stringBox.addItem("Sofiya");
        	
		
        MagicBox<Boolean> booleanBox = new MagicBox<>();
        booleanBox.addItem(false);
        
		MagicBox<Object> dobubleBox = new MagicBox<>();
        dobubleBox.addItem(43.43);
		
		integerBox.processBox(integerBox);
		dobubleBox.processBox(dobubleBox);
		
		
		
        
    }
}